Individual and Combined Toxic Effects of Nano-ZnO and Polyethylene Microplastics on Mosquito Fish (Gambusia holbrooki)

The omnipresence of microplastics and nanoparticles has led to their entry into the fresh marine aquatic systems affected biota. present study aims evaluate impact interaction polyethylene microplastic (PE-MPs) zinc oxide (ZnO-NPs) in mosquito fish, Gambusia holbrooki. For this, fish were exposed 100 µg L−1 PE-MPs (group 2), 200 3), 50 ZnO-NPs 4), combined with 5), 6) control 1) for 14 days. assessment was made through accumulation studies (MPs Zn) antioxidant assay. Significant elevation activity catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, reductase levels observed alone combination (100 L−1) groups only. High malondialdehyde all groups. Concordantly total (TAN) displayed a significant reduction treated compared control. Accumulation on suggested liver-targeted PE-MPs, while ZnO-NPs, assisted accumulation. affirms induction oxidative stress ZnO-NPs-induced toxicity facilitated by fish.